NASA - Hubble Space Telescope patch.
Aug 23, 2022
This scintillating image showcases the globular cluster NGC 6540 in the constellation Sagittarius. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope took the image with its Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys. These two instruments have slightly different fields of view, which determines how large an area of sky each instrument captures. This composite image shows the star-studded area of sky that encompasses both instruments’ fields of view.
NGC 6540 is a globular cluster. Globular clusters are stable, tightly bound swarms of stars that can hold tens of thousands to millions of stars, all trapped in a closely-packed group by their mutual gravitational attraction.
The brightest stars in this image are adorned with prominent cross-shaped patterns of light known as diffraction spikes, a type of imaging artifact caused by the support structure of Hubble’s secondary mirror rather than the stars themselves. As light enters the telescope, its path is slightly disturbed by the telescope’s four secondary mirror supports. The diffraction spikes form when light waves recombine on the other side of these supports. They are only noticeable in very bright objects where light is concentrated in one spot, as in the case of bright stars. Light from objects like galaxies and nebulae is dimmer and more spread out, so we don’t normally see diffraction spikes on images of these objects.
Hubble peered into the heart of NGC 6540 to help astronomers measure the ages, shapes, and structures of globular clusters toward the center of the Milky Way. The gas and dust that shrouds the center of our galaxy also blocks some of the light from these clusters and subtly changes the colors of their stars. Globular clusters contain insights into the earliest history of the Milky Way, so studying them can help astronomers understand how our galaxy evolved.
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
For more information about Hubble, visit:
http://hubblesite.org/
http://www.nasa.gov/hubble
https://esahubble.org/
Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS): https://www.nasa.gov/content/hubble-space-telescope-advanced-camera-for-surveys
Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3: https://www.nasa.gov/content/hubble-space-telescope-wide-field-camera-3
Text Credits: European Space Agency (ESA)/NASA/Andrea Gianopoulos/Image, Animation Credits: ESA/Hubble & NASA, R. Cohen.
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