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April 11, 2019
Smart spacesuits and solar surfing may sound like the stuff of science fiction, but they are just two of the technology concepts NASA has selected for further research as part of the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) program. The program will fund 18 studies to determine the feasibility of early-stage technologies that could go on to change what's possible in space.
The funded technologies have the potential to transform human and robotic exploration of other worlds, including the Moon and Mars. One researcher, for example, will study an affordable way to mine the ample ice at the Moon's polar regions. NASA aims to send astronauts to land on the Moon's South Pole in five years.
Two studies were chosen from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, including a Venus lander charged by a floating power generator, and a fleet of small satellites that could explore the edges of the solar system and beyond.
Image above: NASA has selected two new concepts from JPL for future mission ideas, including a small satellite that could fly to the outer edges of the solar system. In this photo, a set of Earth-observing CubeSats launch from the International Space Station in 2014. Image Credit: NASA.
"Our NIAC program nurtures visionary ideas that could transform future NASA missions by investing in revolutionary technologies," said Jim Reuter, acting associate administrator of NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate. "We look to America's innovators to help us push the boundaries of space exploration with new technology."
The latest NIAC selections include Phase I and Phase II awards. The selected Phase I studies cover a wide range of innovations. Each Phase I award is valued at approximately $125,000, helping researchers define and analyze their proposed concepts over nine months. If the initial feasibility studies are successful, awardees can apply for Phase II awards.
Image above: A Venus lander charged by a floating power station is one of the JPL concepts chosen by NASA. Image Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech.
The new Phase I selections are:
Power Beaming for Long Life Venus Surface Missions: New approach to support a Venus surface mission with power beaming: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Power_Beaming/
Erik Brandon, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, California
Low-Cost SmallSats to Explore to Our Solar System's Boundaries: A design for a low-cost, small satellite heliophysics mission to the outer solar system: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Low_Cost_SmallSats/
Robert Staehle, JPL
Bioinspired Ray for Extreme Environments and Zonal Exploration (BREEZE): Combines inflatable structures with bio-inspired kinematics to explore and study the atmosphere of Venus: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/breeze/
Javid Bayandor, State University of New York, Buffalo
SmartSuit: An intelligent spacesuit design with soft-robotics, self-healing skin and data collection for extravehicular activity in extreme environments that allows for greater mobility for exploration missions: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/SmartSuit/
Ana Diaz Artiles, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station
Dual Use Exoplanet Telescope (DUET): A novel telescope design to find and characterize planetary systems outside the solar system: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/duet/
Tom Ditto, 3DeWitt LLC, Ancramdale, New York
Micro-Probes Propelled and Powered by Planetary Atmospheric Electricity (MP4AE): Similar to the ballooning capabilities of spiders, these floating microprobes use electrostatic lift to study planetary atmospheres: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/MP4AE/
Yu Gu, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Swarm-Probe Enabled ATEG Reactor (SPEAR) Probe: An ultra-lightweight nuclear electric propulsion probe for deep space exploration, designed to keep mass and volume low for commercial launch: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/SPEAR_Probe/
Troy Howe, Howe Industries LLC, Tempe, Arizona
Ripcord Innovative Power System (RIPS): An investigation of a drag using ripcord unspooling power system for descent probes into planets with atmospheres, such as Saturn: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/RIPS/
Noam Izenberg, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, Maryland
Power for Interstellar Fly-by: Power harvesting from ultra-miniature probes to enable interstellar missions: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Power_for_Interstellar_Fly_by/
Geoffrey Landis, NASA's Glenn Research Center, Cleveland
Lunar-polar Propellant Mining Outpost (LPMO): Affordable lunar pole ice mining for propellant production: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Lunar_Polar_Propellant_Mining_Outpost/
Joel Serce, TransAstra Corporation, Lake View Terrace, California
Crosscutting High Apogee Refueling Orbital Navigator (CHARON): Novel system for small space debris mitigation: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Crosscutting_High_Apogee_Refueling_Orbital_Navigator/
John Slough, MSNW LLC, Redmond, Washington
Thermal Mining of Ices on Cold Solar System Bodies: Proposes using a unique heat application on frozen volatiles and other materials for resource extraction: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Thermal_Mining_of_Ices_on_Cold_Solar_System_Bodies/
George Sowers, Colorado School of Mines, Golden
Phase II studies allow researchers to further develop concepts, refine designs and start considering how the new technology would be implemented. This year's Phase II selections address a range of cutting-edge concepts from flexible telescopes to new heat-withstanding materials. Awards under Phase II can be worth as much as $500,000 for two-year studies.
The 2019 Phase II selections are:
The High Étendue Multiple Object Spectrographic Telescope (THE MOST): A new, flexible optical telescope design that can be a deployed in a cylindrical roll and installed upon delivery, on a 3D printed structure: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/The_Most/
Tom Ditto, 3DeWitt LLC, Ancramdale, New York
Rotary-Motion-Extended Array Synthesis (R-MXAS): A geostationary synthetic aperture imaging radiometer with a rotating tethered antenna: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Rotary_Motion_Extended_Array_Synthesis/
John Kendra, Leidos, Inc., Reston, Virginia
Self-Guided Beamed Propulsion for Breakthrough Interstellar Missions: An effort to advance self-guided beamed propulsion technology: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Self_Guided_Beamed_Propulsion/
Chris Limbach, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station
Astrophysics and Technical Lab Studies of a Solar Neutrino Spacecraft Detector: A small-scale neutrino detector study to advance detector technology for future probe missions: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Astrophysics_and_Technical_Lab_Studies/
Nickolas Solomey, Wichita State University, Kansas
Diffractive LightSails: A study to design and advance passive and electro-optically active diffractive films for missions in low-Earth orbit, inner solar orbits and to distant stars: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Diffractive_Lightsails/
Grover Swartzlander, Rochester Institute of Technology, New York
Solar Surfing: A materials-science study to determine the best protective materials to enable heliophysics missions closer to the Sun: https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2019_Phase_I_Phase_II/Solar_Surfing/
Doug Willard, NASA's Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida
NASA selected Phase I and II proposals through a peer-review process that evaluates innovativeness and technical viability. All projects are still in the early stages of development, most requiring a decade or more of concept maturation and technology development.
For the first time this summer, the NIAC program will select one Phase III research study. The award will be up to $2 million for as long as two years. This final phase is designed to strategically transition a NIAC concept with the highest potential impact to NASA, other government agencies or commercial companies.
"NIAC is about going to the edge of science fiction, but not over," said Jason Derleth, NIAC program executive. "We are supporting high impact technology concepts that could change how we explore within the solar system and beyond."
NIAC partners with forward-thinking scientists, engineers and citizen inventors from across the nation to help maintain America's leadership in aeronautics and space research. NIAC is funded by NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate, which is responsible for developing the cross-cutting, pioneering new technologies and capabilities needed by the agency to achieve its current and future missions.
For more information about NASA's investments in space technology, visit: https://www.nasa.gov/spacetech
Images (mentioned), Text, Credits: NASA/Clare Skelly/JPL/Arielle Samuelson.
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