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13 March 2015
The LHC: A stronger machine
In early 2013, after three years of running, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) shut down for planned maintenance. Hundreds of engineers and technicians spent about two years consolidating and strengthening the accelerator in preparation for running at the higher collision energy of 13 TeV, nearly double the collision energy of the LHC's first run. In the video above, CERN managers, engineers and operational staff describe this huge engineering effort.
Jean-Philippe Tock of the CERN Technology department led the Superconducting Magnets and Circuits Consolidation project during the shutdown. His team's focus was on consolidating more than 10,000 high-current splices in some 1695 interconnections between magnets in the LHC. Engineers Anna Chrul and Mirko Pojer describe work in the tunnel: the safety release valves for dispelling helium safely from the magnets; and the process of adding a shunt to each splice within the interconnection to provide an alternate pathway for the 11,000-amp current to safely pass from magnet to magnet in the event of a fault.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN
CERN Director for accelerators and technology, Frédérick Bordry, takes us through the implications of running the accelerator at the higher collision energy of 13 TeV, and mentions some of the requirements for the machine to reach this new energy frontier – such as radiation-resistant electronics and a high-quality vacuum.
Finally Katy Foraz, activities coordinator for LS1 (long shutdown 1), describes the logistical challenges of coordinating the maintenance work. As an example of the scale of the project, she tells us that over this two-year period the access lift to the LHC tunnel went up and down more than 400,000 times!
Overall view of the LHC experiments
Now teams are working hard for the upcoming restart. The first circulating beams of protons in the LHC are planned for the week beginning 23 March, and first 13 TeV collisions are expected in late May to early June.
For a full account of the work to make the LHC a stronger machine, check out the resources and infographics here: http://press.web.cern.ch/backgrounders
Note:
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, is one of the world’s largest and most respected centres for scientific research. Its business is fundamental physics, finding out what the Universe is made of and how it works. At CERN, the world’s largest and most complex scientific instruments are used to study the basic constituents of matter — the fundamental particles. By studying what happens when these particles collide, physicists learn about the laws of Nature.
The instruments used at CERN are particle accelerators and detectors. Accelerators boost beams of particles to high energies before they are made to collide with each other or with stationary targets. Detectors observe and record the results of these collisions.
Founded in 1954, the CERN Laboratory sits astride the Franco–Swiss border near Geneva. It was one of Europe’s first joint ventures and now has 22 Member States.
Related Articles:
CERN - Injection tests make a splash: http://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.ch/2015/03/cern-injection-tests-make-splash.html
CERN - LHC injector tests to begin: http://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.ch/2015/03/cern-lhc-injector-tests-to-begin.html
Timelapse: LHC experiments prepare for restart: http://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.ch/2015/02/timelapse-lhc-experiments-prepare-for.html
CERN's two-year shutdown drawing to a close: http://orbiterchspacenews.blogspot.ch/2015/02/cerns-two-year-shutdown-drawing-to-close.html
Related links:
Large Hadron Collider (LHC): http://home.web.cern.ch/topics/large-hadron-collider
ALICE: http://home.web.cern.ch/about/experiments/alice
ATLAS: http://home.web.cern.ch/about/experiments/atlas
CMS: http://home.web.cern.ch/about/experiments/cms
LHCb: http://home.web.cern.ch/about/experiments/lhcb
For more information about the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), visit: http://home.web.cern.ch/
Image, Graphic, Video, Text, Credits: CERN/Cian O'Luanaigh.
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